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JS 参考手册

JS 参考手册(字母排序)

JavaScript

JS Arrays JS Boolean JS Classes JS Dates JS Error JS Global JS Iterators JS JSON JS Maps JS Math JS Numbers JS Objects JS Operators JS Assignment JS Arithmetic JS Comparison JS Logical Operators JS Bitwise Operators JS Misc Operators JS Precedence JS Promises JS RegExp Patterns JS RegExp Reference JS Sets JS Statements JS Strings JS Typed Arrays JS Typed Reference

Window

Window Object Window Console Window History Window Location Window Navigator Window Screen

HTML DOM

HTML Documents HTML Elements HTML Attributes HTML Collection HTML NodeList HTML DOMTokenList HTML Styles
alignContent alignItems alignSelf animation animationDelay animationDirection animationDuration animationFillMode animationIterationCount animationName animationTimingFunction animationPlayState background backgroundAttachment backgroundClip backgroundColor backgroundImage backgroundOrigin backgroundPosition backgroundRepeat backgroundSize backfaceVisibility border borderBottom borderBottomColor borderBottomLeftRadius borderBottomRightRadius borderBottomStyle borderBottomWidth borderCollapse borderColor borderImage borderImageOutset borderImageRepeat borderImageSlice borderImageSource borderImageWidth borderLeft borderLeftColor borderLeftStyle borderLeftWidth borderRadius borderRight borderRightColor borderRightStyle borderRightWidth borderSpacing borderStyle borderTop borderTopColor borderTopLeftRadius borderTopRightRadius borderTopStyle borderTopWidth borderWidth bottom boxShadow boxSizing captionSide caretColor clear clip color columnCount columnFill columnGap columnRule columnRuleColor columnRuleStyle columnRuleWidth columns columnSpan columnWidth counterIncrement counterReset cssFloat cursor direction display emptyCells filter flex flexBasis flexDirection flexFlow flexGrow flexShrink flexWrap font fontFamily fontSize fontStyle fontVariant fontWeight fontSizeAdjust height isolation justifyContent left letterSpacing lineHeight listStyle listStyleImage listStylePosition listStyleType margin marginBottom marginLeft marginRight marginTop maxHeight maxWidth minHeight minWidth objectFit objectPosition opacity order orphans outline outlineColor outlineOffset outlineStyle outlineWidth overflow overflowX overflowY padding paddingBottom paddingLeft paddingRight paddingTop pageBreakAfter pageBreakBefore pageBreakInside perspective perspectiveOrigin position quotes resize right scrollBehavior tableLayout tabSize textAlign textAlignLast textDecoration textDecorationColor textDecorationLine textDecorationStyle textIndent textOverflow textShadow textTransform top transform transformOrigin transformStyle transition transitionProperty transitionDuration transitionTimingFunction transitionDelay unicodeBidi userSelect verticalAlign visibility width wordBreak wordSpacing wordWrap widows zIndex

HTML Events

HTML Events HTML Event Objects HTML Event Properties HTML Event Methods

Web APIs

API Canvas API Console API Fetch API Fullscreen API Geolocation API History API MediaQueryList API Storage API Validation API Web

HTML 对象

<a> <abbr> <address> <area> <article> <aside> <audio> <b> <base> <bdo> <blockquote> <body> <br> <button> <canvas> <caption> <cite> <code> <col> <colgroup> <datalist> <dd> <del> <details> <dfn> <dialog> <div> <dl> <dt> <em> <embed> <fieldset> <figcaption> <figure> <footer> <form> <head> <header> <h1> - <h6> <hr> <html> <i> <iframe> <img> <ins> <input> button <input> checkbox <input> color <input> date <input> datetime <input> datetime-local <input> email <input> file <input> hidden <input> image <input> month <input> number <input> password <input> radio <input> range <input> reset <input> search <input> submit <input> text <input> time <input> url <input> week <kbd> <label> <legend> <li> <link> <map> <mark> <menu> <menuitem> <meta> <meter> <nav> <object> <ol> <optgroup> <option> <output> <p> <param> <pre> <progress> <q> <s> <samp> <script> <section> <select> <small> <source> <span> <strong> <sub> <summary> <sup> <table> <tbody> <td> <tfoot> <th> <thead> <tr> <textarea> <time> <title> <track> <u> <ul> <var> <video>

HTML DOM getElementById() 方法


实例

返回指定 ID 的元素:

document.getElementById("demo");
亲自试一试 »

页面下方有更多实例。


定义和用法

getElementById() 方法可返回对拥有指定 ID 的第一个对象的引用。

HTML DOM 定义了多种查找元素的方法,除了 getElementById() 之外,还有 getElementsByName() 和 getElementsByTagName()。

如果没有指定 ID 的元素返回 null

如果存在多个指定 ID 的元素则返回第一个。

如果需要查找到那些没有 ID 的元素,你可以考虑通过CSS选择器使用 querySelector()。


浏览器支持

表中的数字指定了完全支持该方法的第一个浏览器版本。

方法
getElementById() Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

语法

document.getElementById(elementID)

参数值

参数 类型 描述
elementID String 必需。要获取的元素的ID属性值

技术细节

DOM 版本: Core Level 2 Document Object
返回值: 元素对象,表示具有指定ID的元素。如果不存在具有指定 ID 的元素,则返回 null

更多实例

实例

使用 id="demo" 获取元素并更改其颜色:

var x = document.getElementById("demo");   // Get the element with id="demo"
x.style.color = "red";                     // Change the color of the element
亲自试一试 »

相关页面

CSS 教程: CSS 语法

CSS 参考手册: CSS #id Selector

HTML DOM 参考手册: HTML DOM id 属性

HTML DOM 参考手册: HTML DOM Style 对象


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